Dept of ORAL SURGERY, ONCOLOGIST

Oral Cancer: Awareness, Symptoms, and Prevention

Oral cancer refers to cancer that develops in any part of the mouth, including the lips, tongue, cheeks, and gums. It is a serious health condition that, if detected early, can be treated effectively. Awareness of the risk factors, symptoms, and prevention strategies is crucial for maintaining oral health and catching the disease in its early stages.

Common Risk Factors

1. Tobacco Use:
   Smoking cigarettes, cigars, pipes, or using chewing tobacco significantly increases the risk of oral cancer.

2. Alcohol Consumption:
   Excessive alcohol intake, especially when combined with tobacco use, raises the risk of developing oral cancer.

3. HPV (Human Papillomavirus):
   Certain strains of HPV have been linked to oral cancer, particularly in the throat and back of the mouth.

4. Prolonged Sun Exposure:
   Extended exposure to the sun without protection can increase the risk of cancer on the lips.

5. Age and Genetics:
   Individuals over the age of 40, and those with a family history of cancer, may have a higher risk.

Symptoms of Oral Cancer

• Persistent sores or ulcers in the mouth that do not heal
• Lumps or thickening in the cheek or neck
• White or red patches on the gums, tongue, or lining of the mouth
• Difficulty swallowing or chewing
• Chronic hoarseness or sore throat
• Numbness or pain in any area of the mouth

If you notice any of these symptoms lasting for more than two weeks, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional for an examination.

Prevention Strategies

1. Quit Tobacco:
   Avoid smoking and using tobacco products to reduce your risk of oral cancer significantly.

2. Limit Alcohol:
   Drink alcohol in moderation, as excessive consumption can contribute to oral cancer risk.

3. Sun Protection:
   Use lip balm with sunscreen when spending time outdoors to protect your lips from harmful UV rays.

4. HPV Vaccination:
   Getting vaccinated against HPV can lower the risk of HPV-related oral cancers.

5. Regular Dental Check-ups:
   Routine dental visits allow for early detection of abnormal changes in the mouth. Dentists can perform screenings for oral cancer during your regular exams.

Conclusion

Oral cancer is a serious disease, but with increased awareness and preventive measures, it is possible to reduce your risk. Quitting tobacco, moderating alcohol intake, protecting your lips from the sun, and seeking regular dental care are essential steps in maintaining oral health and detecting any early signs of cancer. If you experience symptoms, consult your dentist or doctor immediately for a thorough evaluation. Early detection is key to effective treatment and a positive outcome.